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1487 INCUNABULA leaf GARDEN OF HEALTH Botanical WOODCUT Picture(s) and Description:
[Early Printing - Incunabula - Germany - Ulm] {Early Book Illustrations - Woodcuts - Botanical] [History of Science - Botany - Middle Ages] [Hebals] [History of Medicine] /--> A Single Leaf from Gart der Gesundheit [Hortus sanitatis (Deutsch)] [compiled by Johann von Cube (Johann Wonnecke von Kaub)] [1487] Printed in Ulm (Germany) by Conrad Dinckmut, 31 Mar. 1487. A single leaf (2 pages), text in German, with 1 hand-coloured botanical woodcut from the sixth edition (and the 1st Ulm edition) of this extremely important incunable herbal. Gart der Gesundheit is one of the first printed herbals to be published in a vernacular language instead of Latin. First published in Mainz in 1485 the Gart der Gesundheit was THE MOST IMPORTANT ILLUSTRATED WORK ON NATURAL HISTORY OF ITS ERA AND A LANDMARK IN BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATION. "indisputably the most splendid and important of the incunabula herbals ... one of the first incunabula on a scientific subject written in the vernacular." (Blunt & Raphael, p. 115). When the first edition of this herbal came from his press of was printed by Peter Schoeffer at Mainz on the 28th of March, 1485, it immediately eclipsed all previous works of a similar nature. The Gart marks a decisive break from the medieval generic representation of plants, and contains for the first time morphologically accurate depictions. The woodcuts of the 1485 Gart formed the basis for all botanical illustration until the publication of Brunfels's herbal in 1530. The artist responsible for the original designs of the Gart's woodcuts remains unknown, although the name of Erhard Reuwich, or his studio, is most often put forward on stylistic grounds. The woodcuts in this 1487 edition have a resemblance to the corresponing ones in the undated GrÜninger's Strassburg edition. Klebs/Becher believes the GrÜninger edition to be earlier than the Dinckmut's edition. The Gart is important for its text, as well as its illustration. It is a compendium of the whole pharmacy of the time, and gives much information about plants and their uses, and maladies, their diagnosis and treatment. As an extensive German-language text, it is also important philologically, and is a valuable source for history and folklore. The 1st Ulm edition printed by Dinckmut in 1487 is extremely rare: only one copy of this edition appeared at auction in the last 35 years. BL ISTC records only 2 copies in the US, of which one is imperfect. The content of the leaf: The recto of the leaf offered here contains the ending of Chapter CXVIII dealing with cardamom, while the verso contains the beginning of Chapter CXIX dealing with camphor. The charming hand-colored woodcut illustration of the camphor laurel occupies the lower half of the right column on recto. Bibliographical references: Bibliographical references: Goff G-103; Hain 8952*; BMC II 535; BSB-Ink W-96; Choulant, Graphische Incunabeln, p. 58-9, no. 8; GW M09746; Schreiber, Manuel d la Gravure, 5, no. 4338; Sudhoff, Deutsche Medizinische Inkunabeln, no. 71; Klebs, Incunabula Scientifica, no. 507.7; Klebs, Herbals of the Fifteenth Century, p. 45, no. 5; Klebs, Catalogue of Early Herbals, no. 26; Nissen no. 2280; Hunt Botanical Catalog, no. 6; Pritzel, Thesaurus Literaturae Botanicae, 1871-3: no. 10827; Schramm, Bilderschmuck der FrÜhdrucke, 6, nos. 178-573. Physical description: 1 leaf (of 248), chancery folio, measuring approximately 258 mm x 182 mm.; thick watermarked laid paper. Printed on both sides (comprising 2 pages) in Gothic type; in double columns, 38 lines per column. 1 blank capital space (unrubricated). One woodcut illustration with contemporary hand-colouring (measuring approximately 6 x 10 cm) occupies the lower half of the right column on recto. Condition: The left (gutter) edge slightly chipped), a bit foxed (mostly in margins). Otherwise clean with nice dark impression of text; the woodcut with its early hand-colouring is also very well preserved. Please click on thumbnails below to see larger images. Further notes on the 1487 Ulm edition of the Gart der Gesuntheyt: Although it bore no title page, Der Gart was clearly and definitively named by Schoeffer in the book's own foreword. There it was called Ortus Sanitatis and its German equivalent, Gart der Gesuntheyt, the Garden of Good Health. The 435 chapters of Der Gart are written in the dialect of southern Germany, 368 of them dealing with plants of medicinal value; and eleven with animal substances. Each of those is illustrated with a woodcut picturing its subject, and the majority are highly identifiable, well drawn, and artistically executed. Understandably the cuts of material outside the artists' direct experience are either poorly done or fictitious. That was a consequence of their arrival in Europe, from distant parts of Asia and Africa, in dry, shrunken, broken, or powdered condition. Johann von Cube (died in Franckfurt am Main, Germany, Between 23 September and 5 March 1503/4), also known as Johann Wonnecke von Caub , was a German physician lived at the end of the 15th century in Augsburg. He was physician to Adolf III of Nassau and Adalberts of Saxony. In 1484, he relocated to Frankfurt am Main where he was appointed the city physician. For centuries, he was considered the author behind the Gart der Gesundheit, but more recent research shows that he was at most an editor. Bernard von Breydenbach (d.1497), the author of the celebrated Peregrinatio in terram sanctam, was also to a large extent responsible for the Gart. Interested in materia medica from at least 1475, Breydenbach planned an illustrated herbal before he set out for his famous pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1483. He commissioned Johannes von Cube to compile it, and his pilgrimage artist, Erhard Reuwich, to provide plant illustrations, specifically Mediterranean plants sketched en route. While about 90 woodcuts are attributed to Reuwich, those depicting Mediterranean plants derive from the Codex Berleburg, a manuscript owned by Breydenbach which includes a herbal among its texts. They are the first printed illustrations of plants of the Middle East. Books printed by Conrad Dinckmut are all very rare and in great demand by collectors. Dinckmut seems to have begun his career as a printer around 1482, when he produced at least four books, but he is listed as a 'Buchdrucker' in the Ulm rate-lists of 1476, and a calendar for 1478, which is in his type and presumed to have been printed by him. He continued to print at Ulm through 1496. The winner must contact us within three days, and payment is due within seven days after the end of the auction. Please be responsible and bid only if you have a serious intention to purchase the item. The book will be shipped by FedEx ground or USPS Priority FREE of charge to any US location. International Priority shipping offered at discount cost.
